HTML Tutorial

A simple explained Web design HTML tutorials with live examples. Explained How-To use HTML, CSS, JavaScript in website design and development. This course is best for beginners and tutorial will help to understand HTML language in detail.

Chapter 01: What is mean by HTML?

HTML (“Hyper Text Markup Language”) is the most widely used web design language in current era. HTML was created by Berners-Lee in late 1991 and “HTML 2.0” was the first standard HTML specification published in 1995. HTML 4.01 was a major version of HTML widely accepted and it was published in late 1999. Though HTML 4.01 version is widely used but currently HTML-5 version popular which is published in 2012 and extension of HTML 4.01.

History of HTML

HTML or HyperText Markup Language has evolved over the years with various versions, each version has came with new features and improvements.

Following is the a brief history of HTML:

• HTML 1.0 (Year-1991): This is the first version of HTML and was created by Tim Berners-Lee, a British scientist, in 1991. It introduced with a small set of tags to structure and link documents. HTML 1.0 included all basic elements/tags like headings, paragraphs, links, and lists etc.
• HTML 2.0 (Year-1995): The second version was released in 1995 and named it as an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard. In this version most features or tags like forms, scripts, text alignment, and images were introduced.
• HTML 3.2 (Year-1997): This version (HTML 3.2) was the first version developed as a W3C recommendation in 1997, in this new version advanced features like tables, applets, improved text flow around images, and text alignment attributes are introduced. It was widely adopted and supported by major browsers at the time.
• HTML 4.01 (Year-1999): HTML 4.01 named as a fourth version of HTML, It was also developed under a W3C recommendation in 1999. It improved some of existing features and added new features like forms, scripting, cascading style sheets (CSS), and accessibility. It also introduced the Document Object Model (DOM), allowing scripts to dynamically manipulate the content of a document.
• XHTML 1.0 (Year-2000): XHTML stands for eXtensible HyperText Markup Language, it was introduced as a reformulation of HTML 4.01 using XML syntax. It used stricter syntax rules and was designed to be more compatible with XML tools.
• HTML5 (Year-2014): HTML5 is a major revision of HTML. HTML5 development began in 2004, and it was officially released as a W3C Recommendation in 2014. In this version a wide range of new features, including semantic elements (such as header, footer, nav, etc.), audio and video embedding, native support for vector graphics (via svg), and the canvas element for rendering graphics on the fly was introduced. It focused on improving the language’s support for multimedia, interactivity, and offline web applications.
• Ongoing (HTML Living Standard): Instead of having separate versions, HTML is now developed as a “living standard”. The term “HTML Living Standard” refers to the current version of HTML, which is always considered a work in progress. The HTML Living Standard is maintained by the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG) and is continuously updated as new features are proposed and implemented.

The evolution of HTML is closely aligned with the growth of the World Wide Web and the increasing complexity of web applications in current days. The HTML Living Standard continues to be the reference for web developers, and new features are continuously being added to enhance web capabilities and performance.

Why to learn HTML language?

HTML itself was developed for defining the structure of web document like headings, paragraphs, lists, image to publish over internet. Now, HTML is widely used to format web pages/web applications with the help of different tags available in HTML language.

Below are the list of the key advantages of learning HTML:

1. Create Web site: You can create a website or customize an existing website template by learning HTML.
2. Become a web designer: If anyone want to start a career web designing or want to become a professional web designer, HTML and CSS designing is a must and primary skill required.
3. Modify Existing Website/Web Application: If you want to optimize/improve your website/web application performance, HTML knowledge is must.